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Citation Helper - MLA, APA, Chicago, & NoodleTools

This guide includes information about citing your sources, including MLA, APA and Chicago / Turabian citation styles.

APA Style - Print Sources

Books

Example

One author

(p. 248)

Browne, S. (2004). Buddha's dogs. New York, NY:  Four Way Books.

Two to five authors

(p. 248)

Beck, C.A.J., & Sales, B.D. (2001). Family mediation: Facts, myths, and future prospects. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

No author or editor

(p. 249)

Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary (10th ed.). (1993). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster.

Anthology or compilation (an edited book)

(p. 249)

Benson, S. G. (Ed.). (2003). Hispanic American almanac: A reference work on Hispanics in the United States. Detroit, MI: Gale Research.

Two editors

(p. 249)

Larson, G. S., & Pepper, G. (Eds.). (1998). How to read a book (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Sage.

Work in an anthology

(p. 252)

Adams, J. (1996). Interracial marriage cannot be treated identically to same-race marriage. In B. Szumksi (Ed.), Interracial America: Opposing viewpoints (pp. 216-219). San Diego, CA: Greenhaven.

Encyclopedia article

(p. 254)

Kuehl, W. F.  (2005). Peace. In Encyclopedia Americana (Vol. 21, pp. 263-266). Danbury, CT: Scholastic Library Publishing.

Articles

Example

Magazine articles

(p. 240)

(Do not abbreviate months.)

(The first article below is from a weekly magazine; the second is from a monthly magazine.)

Silver, M. (1997, June 16). Would you care for a V or an S with your PG? U.S. News & World Report, 122, 59.

Wright, K. (2003, March). The first earthlings. Discover, 24, 24-25.

Journal article with continuous paging

(p. 240)

 

(Continuous pagination means that pages are numbered continuously throughout each annual volume; if the first issue ends on page 174, the first page of the second issue will be 175. This example is from the 19th issue of volume 294.)

Cnattingius, S., Torrang, A., Ekbom, A., Granath, F., Petersson, G., & Lambe, M. (2005). Pregnancy characteristics and maternal risk of breast cancer.  JAMA, 294, 2474-2480.

Journal article with issues paged separately

(p. 240)

(Each issue begins on page 1. This example is from the 4th issue of volume 13.)

Ortiz, B. (1989). Mount Diablo as myth and reality: An Indian history convoluted. The American Indian Quarterly, 13(4), 457-65.

Encyclopedia article

(p. 254)

Kuehl, W. F.  (2005). Peace. In Encyclopedia Americana (Vol. 21, pp. 263-266). Danbury, CT: Scholastic Library Publishing.

Mohanty, J. N. (1998). Indian philosophy. In The new encyclopaedia Britannica: Macropaedia. Chicago, IL: Encyclopaedia Britannica.

Newspaper article

(p. 243)

Mifflin, L. (1997, July 25).  TV ratings are mired in demand by industry. New York Times, p. A10.

Elections could change the game for contractors. (2008, September 15). Washington Post, p. D2.